Surgeon General

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In 2001, the U.S. surgeon general announced that obesity had reached “epidemic” proportions.
2001年，美国的外科医生普遍宣称肥胖已达到“泛滥”的程度。
Smoking rates remained stubbornly high for decades after the US surgeon general officially declared cigarettes a health risk in 1964.
1964年美国外科医生正式宣布香烟会引发健康风险，此后几十年，吸烟率依然高企。
There were also the Surgeon General's warnings that smoking was bad for your health, labels were put on products, people were told they couldn't smoke indoors.
卫生局局长也在向人们发出警告吸烟有害健康，标签贴在产品上，人们得到告诫不得室内吸烟。

The Surgeon General of the United States Army sponsored the study and released the final results last week.
Now what you might do about this, let's say that we--that you're the Surgeon General or you're the top health official in some country and you agree with this poll, that people are eating too much junk food.
那我们现在要怎么做呢,假设,你是卫生部部长或者你是,某国的卫生部门的高官并且你认可,人们摄取了过量垃圾食品的结论
耶鲁公开课 - 关于食物的心理学、生物学和政治学课程节选
"There are reports from the surgeon general that only one in 11 Latinos with a mental illness seek a specialist."

The subject of the hearing was how to strengthen the office of the surgeon general.
FORBES: Dr. Carmona's Condition

the person who is in charge of the US Public Health Service (= a government department responsible for protecting public health), or the person with a similar job in a state

In the United States, the surgeon general is the head of the public health service.